ASTM A192:Tilmaamaha caadiga ah ee Tubooyinka kululeeyaha ee Kaarboon-ka-arboon-ka-wax-ka-qabashada ee Adeegga Cadaadis-sare.
Tilmaamahani waxa uu daboolayaa dhumucda ugu yar ee gidaarka, kuleyliyaha birta kaarboon ee aan xidhnayn, iyo tuubooyinka kulaylka sare ee adeega cadaadiska sare.
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Heerka cabbirka ASTM A192
Dhexroor ka baxsan: 12.7-177.8mm [1/2-7 in.]
Dhumucda darbiga ugu yar:2.2-25.4mm [0.085 -1in.]
Tuubooyinka leh cabbiro kale ayaa la goyn karaa, waase haddii tubooyinkaas ay u hoggaansamaan dhammaan shuruudaha kale ee tilmaantan.
Wax-soo-saarka
Tuubooyinka waa inay ahaadaan kuwo aan kala go 'lahayn oo kuleyl ama qabow ayaa loo shaqeeyaa sida lagu qeexay Habaynta.
ASTM A192 waa laba hab oo wax soo saarka ugu weyn ee tuubooyinka birta ah ee aan xuduud lahayn: qabow soo jiiday iyo duuban kulul.
Daawaynta kulaylka
Kulaylka lagu daweeyay 1200℉ [650℃] ama ka sareeya ka dib marinka nuugista qabow ee u dambaysay.
Dulqaadyada cabbirka
Alaabta la bixiyay waa inay buuxiyaan shuruudaha lagu dabaqi karo ASTM A450.
| Dulqaadyada cabbirka | ||
| Liiska | kala soocid | baaxadda |
| Mass | DN≤38.1mm[NPS 11/2] | + 12% |
| DN：38.1mm[NPS 11/2] | + 13% | |
| Dhexroorka | DN≤38.1mm[NPS 11/2] | + 20% |
| DN：38.1mm[NPS 11/2] | + 22% | |
| Dhererka | DN＜50.8mm[NPS 2] | +5mm[NPS 3/16] |
| DN≥50.8mm[NPS 2] | +3mm[NPS 1/8] | |
| Toosan oo dhammayn | Tuubooyinka la dhammeeyay waa inay ahaadaan kuwo toosan oo qumman oo leh cidhifyo siman oo ka madax bannaan burooyin. | |
| Wax ka qabashada cillad | Joojin kasta ama wax-is-daba-marin kasta oo laga helo tuubada waxaa laga yaabaa in laga saaro iyadoo la shiidi karo, waase haddii la ilaaliyo dusha qalloocan oo siman, oo dhumucda derbiga aan la dhimin wax ka yar inta ay oggol tahay tan ama caddaynta alaabta. | |
Xisaabiyaha Miisaanka Dhuumaha ASTM A192
Qaabka miisaanka waa:
M=(DT)×T×C
Mwaa cufka dhererka cutubkiiba;
Dwaa dhexroorka dibadda ee la cayimay, oo lagu muujiyey millimitir (inji);
T waa dhumucda darbiga la cayimay, ee lagu muujiyay millimitir (inji);
Cwaa 0.0246615 xisaabinta cutubyada SI iyo 10.69 xisaabinta cutubyada USC.
Haddii aad rabto inaad wax badan ka ogaato birtashaxda miisaanka tuubadaiyojadwalka dhuumaha, halkan guji!
Imtixaanka ASTM A192
Heerarka fulinta tijaabada ah
| Tijaabi | Heerka |
| Qaybaha Kiimikada | ASTM A450 Qaybta 6 |
| Tijaabooyinka Makaanikada | ASTM A450 Qaybta 7 |
| Tijaabada fidsan | ASTM A450 Qaybta 19 |
| Tijaabada ololaysa | ASTM A450 Qaybta 21 |
| Imtixaan Adag | ASTM A450 Qaybta 23 |
| Tijaabada cadaadiska Haydarooliga | ASTM A450 Qaybta 24 |
| Baaritaanka aan burburin | ASTM A450, Qaybta 26 |
Heerarkani wuxuu leeyahay shuruudo gaar ah oo loogu talagalay isku dhafka kiimikada iyo sifooyinka farsamada: tijaabooyinka kale waxay tixraacaan ASTM A450.
Qaybaha Kiimikada
| Qaybaha Kiimikada | |
| C(Kaarboon) | 0.06-0.18 |
| Mn(Manganese) | 0.27-0.63 |
| P(Phosphorus) | ≤0.035 |
| S(Sulfur) | ≤0.035 |
| Si(Silikoon) | ≤0.25 |
| Ma bannaana in la keeno darajooyin alloy oo si cad ugu baaqaya in lagu daro shay kasta oo aan ahayn kuwa kor ku taxan. | |
Guryaha Jilicsan
| Shuruudaha Xoojinta | |||
| Liiska | kala saarid | qiimaha | |
| Xoog xajin, min | ksi | 47 | |
| MPa | 325 | ||
| Xoog soo saar, min | ksi | 26 | |
| MPa | 180 | ||
| Dheeraynta 50mm (2 in ), min | % | 35 | |
Qodobbada Muhiimka ah ee Calaamadaynta
Waa in si cad loo calaamadiyaa:
magaca soo saaraha ama astaanta
lambarka qeexitaanka,darajo
magaca iyo dalabka nambarka iibsadaha
kulul ama qabow-la farsameeyay.
Xusuusin: Baahida calaamadeynta kuma jirto taariikhda sanadka ee tilmaantan.
Tuubooyinka ka yar 11/4dhexroorka [31.8 mm] iyo tuubooyinka dhererkoodu ka hooseeyo 3 ft [1 m], macluumaadka loo baahan yahay waxa lagu calaamadayn karaa sumad si ammaan ah ugu xidhan xidhmada ama sanduuqa tuubooyinka lagu soo raro.
Nidaaminta Dheeraadka ah
Marka la iibsanayo oo la isticmaalayo ASTM A192 tuubada, deegaanka isticmaalka dhamaadka iyo shuruudaha gaarka ah ee isticmaaluhu waxay u baahan karaan habayn dheeri ah:
Rinjiyeynta ama Dahaarka
Rinjiga aan daxalka lahayn ama dahaar kale oo ilaalin ah ayaa laga yaabaa in lagu mariyo dusha sare.Dahaarkani waxay bixiyaan xoogaa difaac ah oo ka hortagaya daxalka, gaar ahaan haddii tuubada kuleyliyaha ay soo gaarto qoyaan.
Daawooyinka ka hortagga daxalka
Rinjiyeynta ka sokow, daawaynta kale ee ka-hortagga daxalka sida galvanizing, aluminium, ama dahaadhida walxaha kale ee ka-hortagga daxalka ayaa laga yaabaa in lagu dabaqo si ay u caawiso kordhinta adkaysiga tuubada ee deegaannada adag.
Daawaynta kulaylka
In kasta oo ASTM A192 ay qeexayso shuruudaha soo saarista iyo tijaabinta tuubada, codsiyada qaar waxaa laga yaabaa in loo baahdo daawayn kuleyl oo dheeri ah (tusaale, caadi ka dhigid, nuugista) si loo gaaro sifooyin farsamo oo gaar ah ama si loo hagaajiyo qaabdhismeedka yar ee tuubada.
Dusha sare ee gudaha iyo dibadda ayaa dhammaatay
Dusha sare ee gudaha iyo dibadda tuubooyinka kuleyliyaha ayaa laga yaabaa inay u baahdaan in dhulka la dhigo, la turxaan bixiyo, ama la nadiifiyo si loo hagaajiyo sifooyinka socodka dareeraha ama nadaafadda.
Mashiinka dhamaadka
Iyada oo ku xidhan shuruudaha rakibaadda iyo isku xidhka, darafyada tuubooyinka kuleyliyaha ayaa laga yaabaa inay u baahdaan in la duniyo, la gooyo, ama si kale loo farsameeyo si loo fududeeyo rakibidda.
Kormeer Dheeraad ah
Si loo hubiyo in tuubooyinku ay buuxiyaan ASTM A192 iyo shuruudaha macmiilka-gaarka ah, baadhitaano dheeraad ah ayaa la samayn karaa.Tusaale ahaan, baaritaanka ultrasonic, baaritaanka raajada, iwm.
Codsiga gaarka ah
Ku takhasusay kuleyliyaha birta kaarboonka iyo tuubooyinka kulaylka badan.Tuubooyinkan waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa adeegyada cadaadiska sare leh sida kuleyliyeyaasha cadaadiska sarreeya, kuleyliyeyaasha cadaadiska aadka u sarreeya, iyo qalabka ka shaqeeya jawiga heerkulka sare iyo cadaadiska sarreeya.
Kuwa soo socda waa codsiyada ASTM A192 birta birta ah ee ficil ahaan:
Kuleyliyeyaasha cadaadiska sarreeya
Tubooyinka ASTM A192 waxay si gaar ah ugu habboon yihiin soo saarista tuubooyinka kulaylka sare, tuubooyinka kululeeyaha biyaha kulul, marinnada uumiga, tuubooyinka qiiqa waaweyn, iwm.Caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo xarumaha korontada, warshadaha warshadaha iyo macdanta iyo qalabka kiimikada, loo isticmaalo in lagu soo saaro heerkul sare iyo uumiga cadaadiska sare.
Kuleyliyeyaasha cadaadis-sare
Tuubooyinka ASTM A192 ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa cadaadis aad u sarreeya (badanaa waxaa loo yaqaan kuleyliyeyaasha leh cadaadiska shaqada ee ka sarreeya 9.8 MPa) codsiyada.Kuleyliyayaashan waxaa sida caadiga ah lagu isticmaalaa saldhigyada waaweyn ee korontada.
Kuleyliyaha sare iyo kuleyliyaha
Kuwani waa qaybaha muhiimka ah ee kuleyliyaha waxaana loo isticmaalaa in lagu kordhiyo heerkulka uumiga, taas oo iyana kordhinaysa waxtarka kulaylka ee nidaamka oo dhan.
Kuleylleyda
In kasta oo ASTM A192 ugu horrayn loo isticmaalo tuubooyinka kuleyliyaha, waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa beddeleyaasha kulaylka halkaasoo guryaha kulaylka wanaagsan looga baahan yahay, gaar ahaan heerkul sare, jawi cadaadis sarreeya.
Kuleyliyeyaasha Saliida Kulul
Kuleyliyaha noocaan ah, tamarta kulaylka waxaa lagu wareejiyaa kuleylinta saliid kuleyl, oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo kiimikada, habaynta cuntada, iyo warshadaha dharka.tubbada astm a192 waxay ku habboon tahay heerkulka sare, xaaladaha cadaadiska sare ee laga helo codsiyadan.
Heerarka khuseeya
ASTM A192Tuubooyinka kuleyliyaha birta kaarboon ee aan kala go 'lahayn ee kuleyliyeyaasha cadaadiska sarreeya.
ASTM A179Kuleyl fudud oo bir ah oo khafiif ah oo qabow soo jiidatay iyo tuubooyinka qaboojiyaha ee xaaladaha heerkulka hooseeya.
ASTM A210: Kuleyliyaha birta kaarboon dhexdhexaad ah oo aan fiicneyn iyo tuubooyinka kulayliyaha sare.
ASTM A213: Kuleyliyaha birta ah ee birta ah ee austenitic, kulaylka sare iyo tuubooyinka kulaylka aan xuduud lahayn.
ASTM A106: Tuubooyinka birta kaarboonka ah ee aan cillad lahayn ee adeega heerkulka sare.
ASTM A335Tuubooyinka birta ee birta ah ee austenitic-ka iyo tuubooyinka aan xuduudda lahayn ee loogu talagalay adeegga heerkulka sare, tusaale ahaan saldhigyada korontada.
ASTM A516Qalabka birta kaarboon ee ku habboon weelasha cadaadiska dhexdhexaadka ah iyo kuwa hooseeya.
ASTM A285: Saxan bir kaarboon ah oo ku habboon weelasha cadaadiska hooseeya iyo kuwa dhexdhexaadka ah.
ASTM A387: Saxan bir Alloy ah oo loo isticmaalo soo saarista kuleyliyaha welded iyo weelasha cadaadiska, gaar ahaan meesha iska caabinta kulaylka fiican loo baahan yahay.
ASTM A53Tubooyinka birta galvanized madow iyo kulul-muquufin ee aan kala go 'lahayn iyo welded ee dhismayaasha guud iyo farsamada.
Si wada jir ah, heerarkani waxay daboolayaan sifooyinka walxaha, dulqaadka cabbirka, sifooyinka farsamada, iyo ka kooban kiimikada looga baahan yahay isticmaalka kuleyliyaha, weelasha cadaadiska, kulaylka beddelayaasha, iwm, heerkul kala duwan, cadaadis, iyo xaaladaha adeegga.
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tags:astm a192, tubada birta kaarboon, tuubooyinka kululeeyaha, alaab-qeybiyeyaasha, soosaarayaasha, warshadaha, saamiyada saamiyada, shirkadaha, jumlada, iibsashada, qiimaha, xigashada, bulk, iibka, qiimaha.
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