Waxa loogu yeeroDhuumaha birta daawaha ahwaa in lagu daro qaar ka mid ah walxo daawaha ah oo ku salaysan birta kaarboon, sida Si, Mn, W, V, Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, iwm, kuwaas oo hagaajin kara xoogga, adkaanta, adkaanta, alxanka, iwm. bir.waxqabadka.Biraha daawaha waxaa loo kala saari karaa iyadoo loo eegayo nuxurka walxaha alloy-ga, iyo wax-soo-saarka warshadaha iyo nolosha, birta daawaha waxaa loo isticmaali doonaa warshado gaar ah, sidoo kale waa caadi in loo kala saaro ujeeddada.
Kala soocida iyadoo loo eegayo nuxurka walxaha alloying
birta daawaha hoose: wadarta guud ee daawaha waa wax ka yar 5%;
Birta daawaha dhexdhexaadka ah: wadarta guud ee daawaha waa 5 ~ 10%;
Birta daawaha sare: wadarta guud ee daawaha ayaa ka sarreeya 10%.
Kala soocida ujeedo
birta qaab dhismeedka Alloy: birta qaab dhismeedka alloy hoose (sidoo kale loo yaqaan birta daawaha hoose ee caadiga ah);daawaha carburizing birta, daawaha demiyay iyo bir dabcay, birta guga daawaha;birta sida kubbadda
Qalabka birta ah ee birta ah: birta birta ah ee wax lagu gooyo (oo ay ku jiraan qalab yar oo bir ah oo wax lagu gooyo, birta xawaaraha sare leh);Alloy die steel (oo ay ku jiraan birta dhinta qabow, birta dhinta kulul);birta lagu cabbiro qalabka
Waxqabadka gaarka ah ee birta: birta aan fiicnayn, birta kulaylka u adkaysata, birta xidhashada u adkaysata, iwm.
Nambarka birta Alloy
Daawaha hoose ee xoogga sare ee birta qaab dhismeedka
Magaceeda summada waxaa loo habeeyey siday u kala horreeyaan saddex qaybood: xarafka pinyin ee Shiinaha (Q) oo ka dhigan dhibicda wax-soo-saarka, xaddiga wax-soo-saarka, iyo astaanta darajada tayada (A, B, C, D, E).Tusaale ahaan, Q390A macneheedu waa bir qaabdhismeed hoose oo awood sare leh oo leh xoog waxsoosaar σs=390N/mm2 iyo heerka tayada A.
Daawaha dhismaha birta
Magaciisu wuxuu ka kooban yahay saddex qaybood: "laba nambar, toban calaamadood + tirooyin".Labada nambar ee hore waxay ka dhigan yihiin 10,000 jeer celceliska jajabka kaarboonka ee birta, calaamadda curiyaha waxay tusinaysaa curiyeyaasha alloying ee ku jira birta, tirooyinka ka dambeeya calaamadda curiyaha waxay muujinayaan 100 jeer celceliska jajabka cufka ee curiyaha.Marka celceliska jajabka cufan ee walxuhu ka yar yahay 1.5%, guud ahaan kaliya walxaha ayaa la tilmaamayaa laakiin maaha qiimaha tirooyinka;marka celceliska jajabka cufan uu yahay ≥1.5%, ≥2.5%, ≥3.5%, ..., 2 iyo 3 ayaa si isku mid ah loogu calaamadeeyay gadaasha curiyeyaasha daawaynta, 4, ...Tusaale ahaan, 40Cr waxa uu leeyahay celceliska jajab cufka kaarboon Wc=0.4%, iyo celceliska jajab cufka chromium WCr<1.5%.Haddii ay tahay bir tayo sare leh oo heerkeedu sarreeyo, ku dar "A" dhammaadka fasalka.Tusaale ahaan, 38CrMoAlA birta waxaa iska leh birta qaab dhismeedka aluminium tayo sare leh.
bir duuban
Ku dar "G" (xarafka ugu horreeya ee pinyin Shiinaha ee ereyga "roll") hortiisa magaca astaanta, lambarka ka dambeeyaa wuxuu muujinayaa kun jeer jajabka tirada chromium, iyo jajabka ballaaran ee kaarboonka lama calaamadin. .Tusaale ahaan, birta GCr15 waa bir duuban oo leh celceliska jajabka chromium WCr=1.5%.Haddii birta sidata chromium ay ka kooban tahay walxo alloying oo aan ahayn chromium, habka odhaahda walxahan waxay la mid tahay tan guud ee birta qaab dhismeedka alloy.Biraha duuban yihiin dhamaantood waa bir tayo sare leh, laakiin "A" laguma darin fasalka kadib.
Qalabka Alloy steel
Farqiga u dhexeeya habka lambaraynta ee birta noocan ah iyo birta qaab dhismeedka alloy waa in marka Wc<1%, hal nambar loo isticmaalo in lagu tilmaamo kun jeer tirada tirada kaarboonka;marka tirada guud ee kaarboonku ay tahay ≥1%, lama calaamadin.Tusaale ahaan, birta Cr12MoV waxay leedahay celceliska jajabka kaarboonka ee Wc = 1.45% ~ 1.70%, markaa lama calaamadin .Tusaale kale waa birta 9SiCr, celceliska Wc=0.9%, celceliska WCr waa <1.5%, si kastaba ha ahaatee, birta xawaaraheeda sare waa ka reebban, iyo celceliska jajabka kaarboonka aan la calaamadin iyada oo aan loo eegin inta ay tahay. Qalabka birta iyo birta-xawaaraha sare leh waa bir tayo sare leh, looma baahna in la calaamadiyo "A" ka dib darajada.
Bir aan-ahma lahayn iyo birta kulaylka u adkaysata
Tirada ka horeysa nooca birta noocaan ah waxay tilmaamaysaa kun jeer jajabka kaarboonka.Tusaale ahaan, 3Crl3 birta macnaheedu waa in celceliska jajabka tirada yar ee Wc = 0.3%, iyo celceliska tirada guud ee WCr = 13%. "0" horteeda summada, sida 00Cr17Ni14Mo2,0Cr19Ni9 birta, iwm.
Waqtiga boostada: Mar-13-2023